What is full insurance coverage? Many people find out the hard way that what they thought was full coverage is, in fact, woefully inadequate. In Florida, if you have an operational automobile that is licensed for use on the streets and highways of the State, you must, by law, purchase insurance for that car. However, only certain types of coverage are required by law. These required coverages are PIP (or No-Fault Insurance) and Property Damage Liability Coverage.
PIP insurance covers you (and in some cases anyrelative living in your household) if injured in a motor vehicle accident. Regardless of who was at fault in causing the accident, your medical bills and lost wages must be first submitted to your own insurance company. This is why PIP insurance is also known as “no-fault insurance’. Regardless of fault, your own insurance company will pay a percentage of your medical bills and lost wages. Under Florida law, PIP insurance must pay 80% of your medical expenses and/or 60% of your lost wages. But that is not all that PIP covers. PIP covers a percentage of other expenses such as lawn maintenance or housekeeping necessitated by injuries caused in a motor vehicle accident and also reimburses mileage expenses for travel associated with medical care treatment.
Remember that PIP only pays 80% of your medical bills. Many people also purchase additional coverage known as “Medical Payments Coverage’ (or MedPay). This type of coverage supplements PIP insurance and pays the additional 20% of the medical bills not covered under your PIP policy. It is probably a wise decision to purchase Medical Payments Coverage when renewing or purchasing an automobile insurance policy.
One great benefit of owning a PIP policy is the fact that it will pay 60% of your lost wages if you are hurt. Insurance companies require proof from your doctor that you are unable to workand completion of a “Wage & Salary Verification Form” by your employer before your lost wages will be paid. Once the insurance company has that information, within thirty days, they must begin paying your lost wages. As long as you are unable to work and your insurance company is kept apprized of that fact by your doctor, you will be entitled to a check from your insurance company every two weeks. Remember that PIP pays only 60% of your lost wages. You are entitled to this regardless of who caused the accident. The negligent driver responsible for theaccident will also be responsible for the remaining 40% of your lost wages unpaid by PIP. However, you will not be entitled to the 40% of your unpaid wages until your case is closed.
The other type of insurance required under Florida law is “Property Damage Liability Coverage.” This insurance covers damage to property caused by the negligence of another motorist. In other words, it protects the other party in an accident. Property damage liability coverage does not protect your car if it is damaged in the accident. It only protects the property of theother person in the accident.
So what is “full coverage?” If you go to your insurance agent and ask for full coverage, you may only be given a PIP and Property Damage Liability Policy. Under Florida law, this would be considered the full coverage required. However, it will only protect you minimally if you are in an accident. Many other coverages are available:
Collision Coverage which covers your car if it is damaged in an accident, regardless of fault;
Bodily Injury Liability Coverage which applies if you have the misfortune of injuring someone in an accident; and
Uninsured or Underinsured Motorist Coverage whichapplies if you are injured by an uninsured or underinsured motorist.
In reality, the inclusion of these types of insurance will give you ‘full coverage’. How much insurance to purchase is a personal decision. Remember, you want to feel comfortable thatyou have enough insurance to protect you under any reasonable circumstance.
Uninsured Motorist Coverage protects the policy holder and other eligible persons from personal injury damages suffered as a result of the negligence of another motorist that either does not have any Bodily Injury insurance coverage or has insufficient Bodily Injury liability coverage to compensate the injured party for their damages.
Remember, Florida law does not require Bodily Injury liability protection. The effect of this is that there are many drivers operating vehicles in the State of Florida that do not have any Bodily Injury liability coverage whatsoever. If one of these uninsured motorists causes a collision which results in injuries, then unless you have Uninsured or UnderInsured Motorist coverage, you will not be able to recover any damages for your injuries other than medical expenses and lost wages. This is the case regardless of how severe the injuries may be. Nearly one-third of all cars on the road have NO Bodily Injury Liability coverage!
The standard Uninsured/UnderInsured Motorist policy usually provides coverage to the named insured, their spouse, and all relatives residing in the named insured’s household. The policies also usually provide coverage to any other person who is occupying the named insured’s vehicle at the time of the collision. The effect of this is that if you purchase Uninsured/Under Insured Motorist coverage, you will provide coverage not only for yourself, but for members of your family and any passengers that may be in your vehicle. The UM/UIM coverage follows the person rather than the vehicle. What this means is that if the insured person is injured anywhere by an uninsured motor vehicle, then his own UM coverage will apply and compensate him for damages as long as he meets the legal requirements for recovery. This includes persons who are injured while pedestrians, occupants of someone else’s vehicle that does not have UM coverage, or while on a bicycle or in some cases on a motorcycle.
The coverage applies to situations where the injuries are caused by: (1) a vehicle with no Bodily Injury Liability insurance, (2) vehicles that hit and run and cannot be identified and (3) phantom vehicles such as the situation where someone “cuts you off” and causes you to run off the road’, otherwise have a collision that causes injury. In these situations if you do not have UM coverage, even if you are seriously injured, you will not be able to recover anything other than medical expenses and lost wages.
You should first determine how many vehicles you have on the policy. The reason for this is that there are two types of UM/UIM coverage, “stacked’ coverage and the second type is ‘non-stacked.” A person who purchases UM/UIM is entitled to ‘stack’ or add together the combined UM coverages of his/her policy in order to determine the total amount of coverage available. For example, if a person owns two automobiles each with $25,000 per person/$50,000 per accident UM limits, he/she will have $50,000 per person/$100,000 per accident available for the collision. A party has the right to stack all of his own UM coverages as well as the UM coverages of all of the cars owned by resident relatives of his/her household.
On the other hand, if you have ‘non-stacked’ coverage and own more than one vehicle, you are limited to the UM coverage on the one particular vehicle that was involved in the collision. It is better to purchase stacked coverage if you own more than one vehicle.
It is definitely a good idea, especially in the State of Florida where Bodily injury Liability coverage is not required by law, to purchase UM/UIM coverage. The coverage is generally very inexpensive when compared to other coverage such as comprehensive and collision. Usually the cost of UM coverage is less than 25% of your overall insurance bill if you in fact purchase ‘full coverage’.
If you have any questions regarding UM-UIM coverage, you should discuss them with your insurance agent so that you understand exactly what you need and to assure that you purchase adequate coverage.
Many people buy insurance through their insurance agent thinking they have bought adequate coverage to protect themselves. In our practice we have seen people who have bought what the law requires them to buy. However, you may not realize that the minimum amount of insurance coverage that the law requires in many cases is not enough. We see a lot of people in our practice who unfortunately find out that the minimum coverage is not adequate coverage. You should carefully examine your present insurance coverage and make sure that you understand exactly what you have and, more importantly, what you don’t have. We suggest you contact your insurance agent and go through these coverages with them.
Remarkably Florida law only requires that you carry property damage liability and personal injury protection insurance to get your license. Property damage liability covers the other persons vehicle in the event you are at fault in an accident. Personal injury protection insurance pays for your medical expenses and value loss. A lot of people don’t even carry full personal injury protection and decide on a $2,000.00 deductible for that coverage. This means that you would be responsible for the deductible amount out of your own pocket. You should be aware that there are other coverages available we believe and recommend that you should consider and carry:
Bodily Injury coverage protects you when you are in an accident and injure someone elseand you are at fault. This coverage protects you in the event you are at fault in an accident and hurt somebody.
Uninsured Motorist coverage protects you and other eligible persons if you are in an accident with someone who carries no insurance at all. Florida law does not require a person to carry bodily injury coverage. Uninsured motorist coverage is essentially “self protection’ insurance and we highly recommend that you carry that coverage to protect yourself in the event that you are injured by someone who is driving without insurance.
A lot of people don’t realize that if someone falls on your property you can be held liable. However, you can purchase homeowners liability insurance coverage which will protect you in the event that someone is injured on your property. In this day and age, with medical expenses as high as they are, you should check with your insurance agent to make sure that you are adequately covered. In addition to basic homeowners coverage you can also buy what is called an umbrella policy which will cover not only your home but also cover you in certain circumstances involving, auto accidents.
In addition to automobile insurance and homeowners insurance there are other ways to protect yourself if you become injured or sick. Many people do not have disability insurance, life insurance or health insurance. However, these coverages can protect you in the event that you are injured in an accident and you have to be out of work for an extended amount of time or if you incur significant medical expenses. Many people mistakenly believe that if they get in an accident the other person’s insurance is going to adequately protect them. Unfortunately, over the years of practicing law we have seen many cases whereby the at fault party did not have adequate insurance coverage to protect all the medical expenses, lost earnings and injuries that they caused. The only way to really protect yourself is to make sure that you are adequately covered in all these areas.
We all make decisions as to how much insurance we need to carry, and there are a lot of reasons that go into making those decisions. Most of those decisions center around how much the premiums are going to cost to pay for that particular type of insurance coverage. In our law practice, we see far too many cases where people thought that they were saving money on premiums, and then an accident occurs and they find that the insurance coverage that they have is not adequate. Therefore, we urge you to examine your present insurance coverages and your realistic insurance needs carefully. If you do not understand the coverages that you have or are unsure if you are fully protected, then please see your insurance agent and talk to him about these matters. If you have any questions about the legal ramifications of the various insurance coverages, we will be glad to discuss those with you.
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The Law Office of Robert Dixon | 20801 Biscayne Blvd., Suite 403 | Miami, Florida 33180
Phone: 1.877.499.HURT (4878)
FULL INSURANCE COVERAGE